The new way of evaluating the protein polymorphism for maize breeding and seed production

Abstract

The paper proposes to discuss the possibility of a logical connection between the existing methods of digital and visual documentation of protein electrophoretic spectra (PES). Therefore, the aim of this work was to develop a methodological approach to the study of zein polymorphism (ZP) as a basis for assessing the hybridity degree of corn seeds and to determine the effect of heterosis level using protein molecules. The method of electrophoresis in gel polyacrylamide was used to study ZP of 49 maize genotypes (hybrids and their parent forms) with the following calculation of their PES formulas. It’s known that during the identifying of hybridity using the marker zones in protein profiles arises the personalization item of visual estimation of the maize heterosis effect. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of the PE documentation. So, it is suggested to characterize every component of the genotype protein track by using the number of zein molecules subunits (ZMS), each of which is equal to 0,1 rf. This technique has been used as a basis for the development of software "FOREZ" for computer modeling, storage, and for the synthesis of hybrid PES from parental forms PES on the basis of codominance principle. As a result of its use it is possible to create the corresponding matrix of the analyzed electrophoregram. It was found that the quantitative analysis of ZMS using PE matrices greatly increases the methodological possibility of identifying the hibridity with PE markers: the number of homogeneous peptide subunits is increased by 55% for lines; 63% - for the simple parental hybrids and 68% - for zoned hybrids. Thus the proposed methodological modification extends the study of heterosis effect using protein profiles.