Politicile publice în Uniunea Europeană

Abstract

The Lisbon Treaty for the first time clarifies the powers of the Union. It distinguishes three types of competences: exclusive competence, where the Union alone can legislate, and Member States only implement; shared competence, where the Member States can legislate and adopt legally binding measures if the Union has not done so; and supporting competence, where the EU adopts measures to support or complement Member States’ policies. The Treaty of Lisbon completes the absorption of the remaining pillar three aspects of the area of freedom, security and justice (FSJ), i.e. police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, into pillar one. The former intergovernmental structure ceases to exist, as the acts adopted in this area are now made subject to the ordinary legislative procedure (qualified majority and codecision), using the legal instruments of the Community method (regulations, directives and decisions) unless otherwise specified.