New Pathways in Electronics and Optoelectronics Driven by New Physics of Nonconventional Materials

Abstract

Nonconventional materials (NCM) – 2D materials and topological insulators (TI) - have opened a gateway to search new physical phenomena and states of the condensed matter as well as to pave new platform of modern technology. This stems on their unique attributes - non-equivalence of electronic and dielectric states to vacuum ones, topological protection (reduced backscattering), spin-momentum locking property, magnetoelectric coupling, generations of new quasiparticles like Majorana fermions. Increasing the surface state contribution in proportion to the bulk is critical to investigate the surface states and for future innovative device applications. The way to achieve this is to configure NCM into nanostructures, which at the same time in combination with others materials significantly enlarge the variety of new states and phenomena. This article reviews the recent progress made in NCM and nanoheterostructures investigation. The state of art of different new scenario of engineering topologicaly interface states in the TI heterostructures are revealed, in particular by using polarization fields and antiferromagnetic ordering. Some of new proposals for innovative electronic and optoelectronic devices are discussed.