Solutii constructive de realizare a liniilor electrice de tip compact

Abstract

Procesul tehnologic din ultimele decenii impune sistemului electroenergetic cerinte mai aspre din punct de vedere al calitatii energiei electrice. Aceasta se datoreaza faptului ca receptoarele electrice, fiind de o diversitate foarte mare, au la baza lor constructiva elemente mai sensibile la devierile de la normal ai parametrilor de calitate ai energiei electrice. Necesitatea imbunatatirii parametrilor de calitate au motivat cercetatorii din domeniu sa caute solutii optime pentru rezolvarea acestor probleme. Liniile electrice, fiind unul din elementele de baza a sistemului electroenergetic, pot fi mai usor supuse schimbarilor de ordin constructiv pentru obtinerea indicatorilor de calitate optimi.

In urma diferitelor cercetari, s-a constatat ca prin apropierea fazelor intre ele, modificarea razei de divizare si utilizarea izolatoarelor de suspensie specializate pe suport permit crearea liniilor electrice compacte cu un singur circuit sau cu doua circuite, care au o capacitate de transport de aproximativ 1.2-1.5 ori mai mare fata de liniile electrice de constructie traditionala. Liniile electrice compacte permit reglarea caracteristicilor de regim prin utilizarea echipamentelor speciale de compensare si dirijare, au investitii semnificativ mai mici pentru unitatea de putere transmisa in comparatie cu cele de constructie traditionala, din cauza ca poate fi semnificativ m rita distanta dintre piloni, eliminând riscul apropierii si atingerii fazelor intre ele cu ajutorul izolatoarelor din polimeri.

Aplicarea in practica a acestor solutii duce la micsorarea zonei de instrainare si reducerea impactului liniilor electrice asupra mediului.

The technological process in last decades imposes high requirements to the power system in terms of power quality. This is because electric receivers, being of a huge variety, are built from elements more sensitive to deviations of the quality parameters of electricity. The need to improve the quality parameters has motivated the researchers to seek solutions for these problems. The power lines which are one of the main components of the power system can be more easily adjusted from the constructive point of view in order to obtain optimal quality indicators. Following various researches, it was found that by approaching phases between them, any change in radius division and use of specialized support suspension isolators, allows construction of compact electrical lines with one or two circuits, which have a carrying capacity of approximately 1.2- 1.5 times higher than power lines of usual type of construction. The compact power lines allow adjusting the characteristics of the regime through the use of special equipment for compensation and control. Also this type of power line have significantly lower investments per transmitted power unit compared to traditional construction because the distance between pillars can be significantly increased, eliminating the risk of closeness and contact between phases by using polymer insulators.

The practical application of these solutions leads to reducing alienation zone and reduce the impact of power lines on the environment.