Recent Biotechnological Approach to Genetically Determined Atrial Fibrillation

Abstract

The most prevalent persistent arrhythmia in cardiology is atrial fibrillation. Former atrial fibrillation which appears without any underlying reason was called „lone atrial fibrillation“. Due to new biotechnological methods in electrophysiology, like mapping, unusual conducting mechanisms were stabilized. Due to new biotechnological methods of DNA analysis recently the reason is detected. This is a genetically determined atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study is to analyse what are the most common mutations which lead to atrial fibrillation. Material and methods. This is a systematic review study. The sources of information which were analysed are mostly from google scholar and web of science. From 2000 sources, several sources were filtered out by the keywords and remained 14 sources on which is based this review study. Results. More than 70 genes are recently detected which lead to atrial fibrillations. Majority of them are mutations of the genes which encode the transport proteins of the heart’s conductive system. The most common mutations that lead to genetically determined atrial fibrillation occure in KCNQ1, KCNA5 and 6q14–16. Conclusions. Before starting treatment of lone atrial fibrillation, a genetical test should be done in order to stabilize the type of the underlying mutation. This is a tactical step in taking the decision on treatment strategy by antiarrhytmic drugs or ablation. So ablatogenoics is the best solution for patients with genetically determined atrial fibrillation.