Incidența bacteriilor din genul Salmonella spp la unele unități de creștere a puiilor broiler și a găinilor ouătoare

Abstract

As a goal of this investigations was to establish the incidence of the circulation of pathogenic serotipes of the Salmonella spp. bacteria in the poultry enterprises specialized in the growth of broiler chickens and in the poultry factoris specialized in production of eggs for current consumption. As material for the research were taken sampels from the poultry rooms, and eguipment, the faecal sampels, shoe, surface washes from the equipment and the eggs for current consumption. The isolation and identification of bacteria from the genus Salmonella spp. were performed to the methodology in force at nationl level. For serotyping of bacteria from the genus Salmonella spp., were used the monovalent O and H sera. The results of bacteriological investigations of faecal sampels colected from broiler chickens, demonstrated that the highest index of bacteria of the genus Salmonella spp. at the age of 1-2 days was 2.09±0.18 log CFU/g , with variations to 2.49±0.19 log CFU/g at the age of 20 days and with an increase up to 3.52±0.20 log UFC/g, at the 40 days age of chickens. Simultaneously with the faecal samples, were taken the sampels from chicken corpses. The obtained indices demonstrated that the number of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in the chickens corpses is higher with 2 log units, compared to this index obtained from faecal samples of live chickens. Bacteriological research performed at faecal samples of the flocks of laying hens have demonstrated that the index of bacteria of the genus Salmonella spp. at the age of hens of 145-165 days had relatively low variations (0.65±0.16 log CFU/g). At the beginning of the laying period (290-310 days) this index had a parametres of 0,71±0,08 log CFU/g, but of the end of the laying period (450-470 days), the index had a double increasing and constituted 1.66±0.24* log CFU/g. The mentioned indexes demonstrated that the veterinary sanitary and preventive curative measures undertaken at the poultry units do not fully prevent the risks of contamination with bacteria of the genus Salmonella spp. and still remain an important problem for the health of poultry flocks. Bacteriological investigations confirmed that the index of Salmonella spp. bacteria in broiler flocks constituted 8.6%, with the predominance of serotype Salmonella pullorum gallinarum, and in laying hen flocks this index constituted 4.2%, with the predominance of Salmonella pullorum gallinarum and Salmonella typhimurium serotypes, which presents a risk of contamination both for poultry flocks and for human health.