Date statistice privind consumul de antibiotice utilizate în creșterea păsărilor din Republica Moldova

Abstract

The development of antimicrobial resistance is closely related to the consumption of antibiotics in poultry, with the increase in the use of antibiotics, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance also increases, therefore it is important to monitor and verify the effectiveness of the antibiotics used in poultry farming. The probability of antibiotic treatment failure rises as a result of the transfer of resistance genes from poultry to people. Both human and animal welfare have benefited from the usage of antibiotics. However, improper use of antibiotics in any sector leads to the emergence of antibioticresistant pathogenic microorganisms that have negative health effects on both people and animals. It is well known that more than 50% of all antibiotics produced globally are used in animal production, both therapeutically and non-therapeutically. This study documents antibiotic usage in poultry farming with specific focus on the role of poultry production in the development of antimicrobial resistance phatogens. The market of veterinary medicines, including antibiotics, in the Republic of Moldova is mainly covered by imports. Thus, about 87% of the antibiotics that can be used in poultry farming are imported and only 13% from local production. Another important aspect with reference to antibiotics used in poultry farming is the fact that about 21% of antibiotics are part of category B (the group of antibiotics that are of critical importance in human medicine), according to the classification of AntiMicrobial Expert Group. Therefore inappropriate use of antibiotics from this category represent an increased risk to human health.