Culture system of trees fruit production efficiency in relation to crown forms

Abstract

Apple variety Golden Delicious, grafted on M 9 was studied at different distances and crown forms in ontogenesis. During the ontogenesis period the highest productivity was obtained at the plantations in the canopy with simple lines in a vertical and two oblique planes. The main role in absorption of solar energy lies in the way of all vegetative location in space. We present here a bibliographical review of some of the elements which constitute the ground of their conception such as light utilization, plant density, module placement rows and crowns.