Remedierea stării de calitate şi capacităţii de producţie a cernoziomurilor obişnuite din sudul Moldovei sub influenţa unor măsuri fitotehnice

Abstract

The initial data on physical, chemical and biological soil properties in experimental plots located on common chernozems were studied for the soil of a field situated on the territory of the Tartaul de Salcie community, Cahul district, Republic of Moldova. The following experimental plots were established on site: sulla + ryegrass; alfalfa + ryegrass; winter vetch as sidereal crop with incorporation of fermented sheep manure, 50 t/ha (once in five years). The strips were established in order to develop and test methods for remediation of the degraded arable soil layer of common chernozems by enhancing their capacity for agricultural production. Upon testing a mixture of perennial legumes and grains for four years it was found that the mixture has had a positive impact on the degraded arable layer of levigatedchernozems. A wide scale improvement of humus contents and natural structure of chernozems is possible by using vetch as a successive crop to be applied as green manure and as a cover crop within a crop rotation scheme with 4-5 plots. The research has shown that upon use of just one vetch harvest as green manure, the contents of organic matter in soil has grown by 0.19% with an additional improvement of the physical state of the degraded arable layer, the amount of production having grown by 20-30 percent.